AdapterView

You have a data set, you throw it at an Adapter, and you end up with views in your layout

ex:

ListView

ExpandableListView

group list data by categories. It has the capability of expanding and collapsing the groups when user touches header.

GridView

Spinner

ViewPager

Adapter is the interface that takes a data set and returns views representing that data. The adapter is able to say how many items there are, return an item for a specific position, and return the view associated with a position, among other things. For a ListView, you will use the ListAdapter interface that extends Adapter to add a couple of list-specific methods. Similarly, you will use the SpinnerAdapter interface for use in a Spinner.